This article outlines the methods developed to engage in a detailed investigation of video footage of piano teaching, involving advanced students in both one-to-one and small-group settings. The paper presents the research to date in the field of musical instrument teaching, considers various challenges associated with video footage analysis, and defines the methods followed in engaging in an in-depth analysis of approximately 97-minutes of recorded material. The results highlight various key differences between the learning activities and experiences undertaken by the students involved in the various lessons, and which propose a number of directions for researchers and practitioners in the field of music instrument teaching and learning. (Contains 2 figures, 5 tables, and 1 note.)