This study investigates whether depressive tendencies or anger/hostility is associated with an increased propensity for a mother to target a particular child in the family as the "problem child." The 180 participants were drawn from a larger cohort of urban, low-income mothers and young children. Maternal data were gathered from measures of self-reported and observed maternal emotionality. Sibling unfavored status was assessed by maternal verbal comparison of siblings. Results were consistent in showing that neither maternal depressive nor hostile affect is, by itself, predictive of a tendency to single out one child as a "troublemaker." The significance of these results for causal models about differential parental treatment is discussed.