Working within a person-process-context framework, we investigated the relation of the level of preschool children's compliance to child temperament, caregiver-child interaction in the child care setting, child care quality, and contextual chaos. Participants were 86 preschoolers and their teachers. Our database included both questionnaires and observations in child care centers. Child compliance was predicted by child temperament, caregiver behaviors, daycare quality, and level of daycare chaos. Child difficult temperament moderated the influence of caregiver behaviors but did not moderate the influence of environmental chaos on child compliance. Caregiver behaviors did not act to mediate the relations between environmental chaos and compliance. The predictive variance increased as process and context variables were added to the initial person predictor model (additive coaction), and different sets of predictors were associated with committed, situational, and passive noncompliance. The present results indicate that different combinations of main effects predicted different outcomes, illustrating how multiple predictors relate to different aspects of child compliance.