Social workers who are trained to attend to person-environment factors and psychosocial issues are ideally poised to implement interventions to address negative emotions and compliance barriers associated with type 2 diabetes. Research has shown the efficacy of a number of psychosocial interventions in improving compliance with diabetic treatment regimes and blood glucose levels and in reducing diabetes-related hospitalizations. This article outlines 27 evidence-based interventions and demonstrates the potential of clinical social workers to meet several needs of adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes is a progressive lifetime disease, lacking a cure, afflicting many of our existing clients and families, often at-risk and vulnerable populations to poor glycemic control and diabetic complications. These studies highlight the importance of cultural competence, long-term supportive follow-up, mental health assistance, a family-oriented focus, personal health beliefs, and patient-family-community empowerment. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention questions whether medical care providers can handle the epidemic proportions of diabetes cases and calls for greater assistance from other professionals (Frank Vinicor, conference presentation, October 21, 2002). This illustrates the need for social work's holistic, cost-effective approach in addressing the care needs of people with diabetes.