Injury represents the leading cause of death and disability for US children and adolescents. Almost 16 million children are evaluated for injury each year in the United States. Although childhood injury rates are decreasing, 70% of all deaths among children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years are injury related. Nonfatal injury is the leading cause of both temporary and permanent disability for children 19 years and younger. One quarter of children receive medical treatment in a hospital emergency room or are treated in private physicians' offices for injury annually. Of those hospitalized for trauma, more than one half experience some form of disability from their injury. Head injury has been the subject of most research on child injury disability, but trauma without head injury also has the potential to produce both short- and long-term disability. This paper highlights the need for increased awareness in schools regarding the vulnerability of injured children and adolescents and the role school health professionals can play as important resources for injured students and their families.