Sixty married couples participated in a study of the effects of husbands' gender role conflict on outcomes for wives. Hypothesized relationships between husbands' gender role conflict and wives' marital adjustment and depressive symptoms were supported. Hostile and dominant behaviors were recorded by outside raters viewing videotaped segments of marital interactions. Husbands who evidenced gender role conflict were more likely to engage in hostile behaviors, but not dominant behaviors, during these marital interactions. Husbands' observed hostility mediated the relationship between husbands' gender role conflict and wives' marital adjustment.