Sections 616 and 642 of the 2004 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) required states to develop a State Performance Plan (SPP) to (a) evaluate their efforts in implementing the requirements of IDEA and (b) describe their plan for implementation of IDEA through determination of "measurable and rigorous" goals. In this article, we examine the performance targets proposed by states within the Southwest region of the United States to examine the impact that SPP targets have had on actual changes in practice focused on Indicator 5. Indicator 5 focuses on increasing the provision of special education services in the least restrictive environment (LRE). Our analysis found that actual changes on LRE measures were unaffected by SPP targets.