The Guzheng, a traditional Chinese zither with over two millennia of history, is a musical instrument and a significant cultural artifact. The objective of this study is to explore the role of Guzheng music literacy in preserving Chinese cultural heritage through music education in Chinese universities. Using a qualitative approach, the study was conducted at selected universities in Shaanxi Province, China, with three informants, including Guzheng educators, students, and cultural experts. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observations, and document analysis. The findings reveal that while there is a growing interest in Guzheng music among students, the current educational approach often emphasizes technical proficiency at the expense of cultural and historical understanding. Challenges such as the decline of traditional repertoire and the influence of Western music further complicate the preservation of Guzheng music literacy. The study suggests the development of comprehensive teaching materials, enhanced teacher training, and promotion of extracurricular activities as strategies to address these challenges. These efforts are crucial for ensuring that Guzheng music continues to be a vibrant part of China's cultural heritage.