Education policies and approaches in the United States are always evolving and changing with new research and trends. With the growing emphasis on preparing students to be productive 21st century citizens in addition to traditional academic preparation, a greater emphasis is placed on incorporating technology into classrooms. One way that many states, districts, and schools have integrated technology into their instruction is by implementing a one-to-one computing initiative in which each student receives some sort of computing device. Research on the outcomes of these initiatives have shown mixed results, though there do appear to be benefits that would make such a program worthwhile for a variety of different groups: students, teachers, and administrators. While one-to-one initiatives can provide many advantages, there are many factors that should be carefully considered before implementation to ensure that the program is effective and successful.