With the rapid advancement of information technology, the Intelligent Teaching System (ITS) has emerged as a pivotal tool in mathematics education. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ITS by exploring its impact on personalized learning, increased student interaction and participation, intelligent assessment and feedback, teacher support, and resource optimization. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study examines the specific effects of ITS on student learning outcomes, satisfaction, and overall teaching efficiency. Focusing on key aspects such as adaptive learning pathways, real-time feedback, and enhanced engagement, this paper highlights how ITS can revolutionize traditional teaching approaches, thereby improving both teaching quality and student performance.