Using a two-stage, matched design, we found dual enrollment students enrolled in college within one year of their expected high school graduation at higher rates than control students who did not take college classes in high school (OR = 3.06). For students that matriculated within one year after high school, compared to control, treatment students showed higher rates of persistence (OR = 1.30), and completion of "any" degree (OR = 2.08), a two-year credential within two years (OR = 2.87), and a four-year degree within four years (OR = 1.61). And five years after high school, treatment students had higher earnings (g = 0.079). Subgroup findings revealed no significant moderation effects of the treatment by income, race, gender, or achievement level. Prior quantitative studies have largely failed to consider the role of academic achievement, so that is an important contribution of this paper. Ours is also the first study we are aware of to examine the impact of dual enrollment on earnings. While awaiting future research replicating our achievement and earnings results, results suggest dual enrollment is a promising strategy for increasing postsecondary success and earnings after college. [For the corresponding grantee submission, see ED627697.]