This study examined the link between institutional culture and the organizational effectiveness of some selected public universities. Hence, a cross-sectional survey study was preferred. Data were collected using OCAI and AOSECU. Universities were selected using stratified sampling technique while 600 subordinates and 160 supervisors were selected as participants in the study. The supervisors provided data on the organizational effectiveness variables while subordinates provided data on organizational leadership and organizational culture of the sampled universities. Data analysis was conducted using correlation and multiple regression for analyzing the relationship that exists between the variables. The analysis revealed that the dominant organizational culture and effectiveness that operate in public universities are hierarchy culture and academic oriented domain, respectively. Clan and hierarchy organizational culture types showed significant relationship with organizational effectiveness domains. Clan organizational type exhibits significant relationship with academic and morale domains of organizational effectiveness. Hierarchy culture, on the other hand, showed weak, negative but significant relationship with academic domain of organizational effectiveness. External adaptation domain of organizational effectiveness showed no relationship with all culture types. Accordingly, recommendations for future research are also suggested in the study.