Individual education programs (IEPs) are the cornerstone of special education programs. The persistence of poor in- and post-school outcomes for students with significant disabilities highlights the importance of developing well-designed IEPs to address their multifaceted needs. We conducted a content analysis of IEPs for 150 high school students receiving special education services under the categories of autism (ASD) and/or intellectual disability (ID) and had significant cognitive impairments. The focus of these educational plans was quite diverse and spanned multiple domains. Moreover, we found that students with intellectual disability with or without autism tended to have similar areas of emphasis, with the exception of the domains of communication and challenging behavior. We offer recommendations for research and practice aimed at strengthening the quality of educational programming for transition-age students with significant disabilities.