This quantitative study takes an ecological perspective by examining classroom environmental variables, student motivational factors, and their relationship with form-focused and meaning-focused in-class willingness to communicate (WtC) during a fully online English as a Foreign Language Programme at a Macau University. Statistically significant multiple regression results identified a moderate and strong overall relationship between these environmental and student motivational factors with in-class meaning-focused (adjusted R2 = 0.47, p < 0.01) and form-focused (adjusted R2 = 0.53, p < 0.01) WtC. In addition, regression results indicated task orientation, student group cohesiveness, and desire to learn English as the most important predictor variables for both types of in-class WtC. Weak relationships were evident between WtC with teacher support and motivation intensity. The results suggest that well-developed tasks and strong student group cohesiveness are fundamental considerations for fully online programme design for encouraging WtC.