The research aimed to know the effectiveness of problem-based learning combined with local wisdom in Acehnese called Hukum Adat Laot. The local wisdom is oriented to socio-scientific issues to improving conceptual knowledge and environmental literacy. This study adopted a quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest control group design. In the experimental class, treatment was given using the problem-based learning model with local wisdom oriented to socio-scientific issues. In contrast, the control class was given by applying traditional learning. The population used in this study were all high school students in Aceh Besar, Indonesia. A cluster sampling technique is applied to obtain 54 students from the 2019/2020 academic year as samples. Data collection uses a test instrument conceptual knowledge and environmental literacy validated based on the Aiken index. Meanwhile, the instrument reliability is determined based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The data were analyzed by using Manova. The results indicate significant differences in the mean scores of the results related to conceptual knowledge and environmental literacy. The conclusion states that applying problem-based learning with local wisdom oriented to socio-scientific issues significantly impacts students' conceptual knowledge and environmental literacy.