This study examines the practices and perceptions of Canadian teachers (N = 172) from the provinces of Québec and New Brunswick with respect to the professional learning community (PLC) in light of several sociodemographic and socioprofessional characteristics of the teachers and those of their school. Factor analyses and correlation tests were thus conducted to determine factor validity and the presence of between-factor connections. The conceptual framework was composed of three groups of predictive factors, namely, material and school-based (material capital), human (human capital), and social (social capital) conditions. This study will enrich the knowledge base on PLCs by describing certain positive and negative correlations and will also contribute to school practices and decisions to prepare and improve the development of Professional learning communities (PLCs) and guide them toward total sustainment.