In this study, the self-efficacy of conservatory students was determined in piano lessons. The piano lesson self-efficacy scale developed by Kurtuldu (2017) was used. The scale was applied to 55 students studying at the Musicology and Music Theory departments at Trabzon University State Conservatory in the academic year of 2020-2021. The result of this research revealed that significant differences were found only at the grade level between the piano lesson self-efficacy of the conservatory students. There was no significant difference in variables such as gender, the program attended at the conservatory, the type of high school graduated, the status of receiving piano education before undergraduate education, and the presence of a piano at the students' houses. As a result, several suggestions were put forward by evaluating the emerging differences in the context of computer literacy and distance education.