ERIC Number: EJ1319376
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2021-Dec
Pages: 7
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0021-9584
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Available Date: N/A
Hypervalent Iodonium Zwitterions and Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: A Multiple-Step Experiment in Organic Chemistry
Han, Jianwei; Chen, Huangguan; An, Guoqiang; Sun, Xiaoya; Li, Xiangyu; Liu, Yiwu; Zhao, Sijia; Wang, Limin
Journal of Chemical Education, v98 n12 p3992-3998 Dec 2021
Iodonium zwitterions are hypervalent iodine compounds in which the iodine center binds to two substituents and carries a positive formal charge which is compensated by a negative charge within the same molecule. Under thermodynamic conditions, iodonium zwitterion sallow concerted nucleophilic aromatic substitutions to be performed, followed by rearrangement reactions. In general, nucleophilic aromatic substitutions proceed stepwise, either via an elimination-addition or via an addition-elimination pathway. It has been suggested that nucleophilic aromatic substitutions occur through a transition state which reduces the activation barrier by charge delocalization. The laboratory experiments reported here aim to give students better insight into the concepts of nucleophilic aromatic substitutions and iodonium zwitterions. These experiments can be used to demonstrate a series of important topics and experimental skills in organic chemistry. In addition, they also teach students analytical techniques such as NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction.
Descriptors: Organic Chemistry, Thermodynamics, Science Experiments, Science Process Skills, Science Instruction, Spectroscopy, Molecular Structure, Scientific Concepts, Concept Formation
Division of Chemical Education, Inc. and ACS Publications Division of the American Chemical Society. 1155 Sixteenth Street NW, Washington, DC 20036. Tel: 800-227-5558; Tel: 202-872-4600; e-mail: eic@jce.acs.org; Web site: http://pubs.acs.org/jchemeduc
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
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Author Affiliations: N/A