This study extends previous research by examining the mental health issues of international mainland Chinese college students in Thailand. The research specifically proposed that mental health issues originate from the relationship between life adaptation and mental health disorders, and this study was conducted to test this assertion. Nine hundred international mainland Chinese college students in Thailand participated in an online survey. The results showed that life adaptation in respect of family relationships, interpersonal relationships, emotions, and learning had a positive effect on mental health disorders and that female and junior students who stayed in Thailand for 1 to 2 years were likely to have significant mental health issues.