The examination of neo-fascism, especially in Latin American countries such as Brazil requires the examination of some differences that make the expression of the phenomenon irreplicable in social backgrounds as different as in Brazil. Thus, the objective of this article was to problematize the contemporary socio-political configuration of Brazil under neo-fascism and reflect on the public university in this context. For this purpose, we opted for the textual modality of essay, due to the possibility that guidance is given not by the search for answers and true statements, but by questions that can guide the subjects towards deeper reflections. The text addresses the neo-fascistizing traits and their manifestation in the context of Brazilian higher education policy based on five characteristics that bring with them arguments to take stock of the current social scenario in Brazil under the Bolsonaro government.