By using the methods of document literature, induction and synthesis, this paper makes a literature review and comparative study on the relevant research of school physical education laws and regulations in China and Japan. Japan is a developed country of school physical education in the world. In the process of building school physical education laws and regulations, there are some methods and ideas to solve school physical education problems. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to analyze the relevant research on Japanese school physical education laws and regulations and to sum up their experience and lessons. This paper quotes the viewpoints of Chinese and Japanese experts and scholars, and makes a literature review on the research of school physical education laws and regulations in Japan from the aspects of the course of construction of school physical education laws and regulations, the system of laws and regulations, legislation, justice, law enforcement, law abiding, content and problems, and comparative study.