This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of learning materials based on realistic mathematics education approach, as well as improving mathematical problem solving ability and student self-efficacy. Learning materials that developed were lesson plan, student book, student worksheet, mathematical problem solving ability test and self-efficacy questionnaire. This research is a development research by using the development model of Thiagarajan et al. (1974). Learning materials that have met valid criteria according to experts, were tested in class VII of SMP Negeri 17 Medan. The results showed that learning materials based on realistic mathematics education approach met the effective criteria and can improved mathematical problem solving ability and student self-efficacy. Based on the results of the study, it was suggested that mathematics teachers make an effort mathematical learning using learning materials based on realistic mathematics education approach.