When couples divorce, custody battles regarding children may ensue. Whilst the majority of children reside with their mother post divorce there are a significant number of fathers who are sole parents living with dependent children. This literature review considers the research evidence from studies published since 1992 in order to highlight the challenges and presenting problems non-resident mothers may experience when accessing therapy. The reasons surrounding their non-resident status together with the difficulties they may encounter in attempting to retain contact are discussed. Suggestions for how counsellors may be able to work effectively with this group of women are made.