The article presents the results of legal monitoring and those of a sociological research on the efficiency of social mechanisms in Russian Federation education policy. The data obtained substantiates: the need for systematic improvement of Russian legislation in the education sector; revised notions and content of social mechanisms in Russian education policy; the significance of social activity ensuring educational security in Russia; education policy implementation issues. The research also focuses on the content and state of control, awareness raising, transparency, traditions and other mechanisms in the areas of law, economy, social responsibility, politics and society.