Obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are serious medical, social, and economic problems of modern society. A pilot randomized two-arm controlled clinical study was conducted to compare laparoscopic plication of the greater gastric curvature combined with Nissen fundoplication (LFN+LGP) versus only Nissen fundoplication (LFN). The study included 114 patients with GERD with a body mass index of 30.0-39.9 kg/m[superscript 2]. The following indices were used to assess efficacy: 24-hour pH-metry with calculation of the DeMeester index, percentage of excess weight loss (EWL%), and patients' quality of life, for which the Bariatric Analysis and Reporting Outcome System with the Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire II scoring key was used. Postoperative evaluation of quality of life and the dynamics of key GERD symptoms was conducted with the GERD Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire. All operations were performed laparoscopically. No significant difference was noted in the anti-reflux function after surgery between the two groups. The bariatric effect (EWL% after 12 months) was better in the LFN+LGP group (45.26 ± 5.80%) than in the LFN group (18.43 ± 4.60%) (p < 0.0001).