This work analysed the evolution of day/night cycle conceptions held by students of different ages and teachers in the Patagonian region of Argentina. The research was based on drawings, written explanations and semi-structured individual interviews. The results showed that both teachers and students had significant comprehension problems. These difficulties were related to the astronomical frame of reference used to explain this phenomenon at every educational level. The results obtained showed the need to adjust the teaching of Astronomy in order to attain adequate understanding of the most common celestial phenomena through the educational use of the topocentric reference system.