Course Management Systems (CMSs) in higher education have emerged as one of the most widely adopted e-learning platforms. This study examines the success of e-learning CMSs based on user satisfaction and benefits. Using DeLone and McLean's information system success model as a theoretical framework, we analyze the success of e-learning CMSs in five dimensions: system quality, information quality, instructional quality, user satisfaction, and CMS benefits. An analysis of survey data collected from students participating in a university-wide CMS shows that system quality, information quality, and instructional quality positively influence user satisfaction, which, in turn, increases the benefits of CMSs. By providing a comprehensive framework for the critical success factors in e-learning CMSs and their causal relationships, this study provides practical implications for managing e-learning courses and resources for a more flexible and effective CMS-centered, e-learning environment.