Anecdotal evidence indicates that more students with type 1 diabetes are enrolling in Catholic schools across the United States. Meeting the medical needs of these students appears to be a significant challenge--legally and logistically--for many Catholic schools. District officials, school leaders, and school staff need support to understand the complexities of the disease and its treatments, as well as the laws that govern how non-medical school staff can intervene in normal and emergency situations. The goals of this article are: (a) to explore the current state of the legal and medical issues regarding non-RN administration of insulin to minor students with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (type 1 diabetes), including presentation of a stateby- state comparison of laws; (b) to examine historical factors leading to current state legislation regulating insulin administration; and (c) to suggest ways to move forward.