The authors conduct a study of the main regularities determining the distinctive features of digital education. The conducted research allowed us to identify several trends in vocational education, providing an increase in socioeconomic and managerial efficiency and competitiveness of higher education systems in the current digital society. A system analysis, including the required methods and scientific techniques to evaluate the research results, constitutes the methodological basis of this research. The authors found that the digital transformation of education to maintain the socioeconomic and managerial efficiency and competitiveness of higher education systems covers all levels of the educational system and involves all interested parties. This work combines three areas: (1) development of digital educational infrastructure; (2) improvement of informational educational and methodological study manuals, tools, and servers, including digital assessment; (3) creation and replication of new ways to organize educational activities. It is proved that the digitalization of higher education is an objective process, expressing the general logic of the transformation of the digital society. It is proved that this process is associated with some problems and social risks of maintaining a high level of socioeconomic and managerial efficiency and competitiveness of higher education systems. Such risks and limitations must be studied and systematized so that the development of digitalization can be controlled and its negative consequences minimized as much as possible. [For the complete volume, "Digital Education in Russia and Central Asia. Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects. Volume 65," see ED675848.]