In early 2020, in response to the emerging COVID-19 pandemic, the Trump Administration declared a public health emergency under the Public Health Service Act, a national emergency under the National Emergencies Act, and a nationwide emergency under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act. Congress and the U.S. Department of Education (ED)--under both the Trump and Biden Administrations--then took action to provide a variety of student loan debt relief to qualifying borrowers of federal student loans to alleviate the potential financial effects related to the pandemic. These actions included enactment of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (P.L. 116-136) and invocation of the Higher Education Relief Opportunities for Students Act of 2003 (HEROES Act) by ED. The primary period during which many of these debt relief measures were in effect spanned March 13, 2020, through August 31, 2023. This report provides an overview of the student loan repayment debt relief measures that were available to HEA Title IV loan borrowers potentially facing financial difficulties in light of the pandemic. It does not discuss those preexisting loan terms and conditions (authorized through statute and regulations) that were (and are) generally available to individuals absent the COVID-19 national emergency. The report concludes with a brief description of additional existing authorities that were available to address other aspects of student loan relief.