This case study uses structural equation modeling to examine the predictive validity of the Read Aloud Profile-Together, a measure of the distinct behaviors of parents and children during shared book reading, in relation to preschool children's early reading competency. Using secondary data analysis, this case study includes 800 parent-child pairs from the preschool wave of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Birth Cohort, a large national study in the United States. Results show that parent's promoting attention to text and story, children's independent engagement with pictures and text, and children's pre-reading interest are all significant predictors of preschool children's early reading competency. The predictive validity of the Read Aloud Profile-Together is thus well supported, suggesting that parent and child behaviors displayed during shared book reading play an essential role in early language and literacy development. This case study also provides an overview of structural equation modeling and the interpretation of results found by using Mplus, a widely used statistical program, to conduct structural equation modeling. [This content is provided in the format of an e-book.]