School counselor shortages and high turnover rates have been reported in school districts across the United States. These high turnover rates have led to critical problems for educational institutions as counselors serve a vital role in organizational success and stability. The purpose of this quantitative study was to investigate the relationship between organizational justice and turnover intention and whether resilience mediated this relationship for 102 licensed school counselors working in elementary and secondary schools in the United States. Equity theory provided the theoretical foundation for this study, and a nonexperimental correlational research design was used to examine the research questions. The four research questions investigated were: (a) to what extent does organizational justice relate to turnover intention, (b) to what extent does organizational justice relate to resilience, (c) to what extent does resilience relate to turnover intention, and (d) to what extent does resilience mediate the relationship between turnover intention and organizational justice. Regression was used to address the research questions and it was determined organizational justice did not relate to either turnover intention or resilience. However, resilience was determined to relate to turnover intention. There was some indication that resilience may mediate the relationship between turnover intention and organizational justice; however, the assumptions required for mediation were not fully met. The results of the study show that organizational justice is not a significant predictor of turnover intention or resilience; however, resilience is a significant predictor of turnover intention. These findings may provide information that can be used to retain school counselors and contribute to positive social change. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]