The seminary endeavor has transitioned from a primarily residential full-time undertaking to a project assumed by individuals in a multiplicity of life-stages and in less traditional and less-residency-oriented formats. The burgeoning modality of competency-based theological education (CBTE) may offer an alternate approach to traditional face-to-face or online-model seminary training. This thesis aims, through a mixed methods study, to consider possible best practices in the area of spiritual formation in the context of seminary-level competency-based theological education. This study examines best practices at the three seminaries with established CBTE programs in the Association of Theological Schools. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]