Sleep is a vital element of human life, health, and wellbeing. It plays a critical role in cognitive function, physiological processes, regulating emotions, physical development, and in one's overall quality of life. Knowledge of sleep behaviors, as well as the attitudes and perceptions surrounding sleep in collegiate student-athletes may serve as an advantage in helping to identify potential ways that an intervention could help to improve sleep and recovery in this population of athletes. The aim of this study was to describe the patterns, behaviors, overall quality of sleep in collegiate student-athletes, using both subjective and objective measures of sleep quality. Additionally, the researcher examined sleep behavior and the perceptions of student-athletes regarding their own sleep by integrating behavioral constructs from both the health belief model and the theory of planned behavior. Results of data analyses collected from 125 student-athletes at an NCAA Division I institution revealed that poor sleep behavior was common among participants, both in terms of sleep quality and sleep duration. Among all athletes surveyed in this study, nearly 70% reported Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index global scores that were indicative of having poor sleep quality, with 62.4% of participants indicating that they usually slept 7 hours or less on most nights in the month prior to data collection. Accordingly, of a subsample of 67 student-athletes who participated in sleep tracking using wrist accelerometry, 54 participants (80.6%) met the criteria established by the operational definition of the study as demonstrating inadequate sleep behavior. Qualitative results related to the theoretical frameworks in place suggested that student-athletes perceived that (1) sleep is beneficial and highly valued, (2) insufficient sleep has the potential to negatively impact their performance, mood, and mental wellbeing, and (3) their ability to achieve adequate sleep is sometimes out of their control. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]