Science communication can share liberatory ideas or reproduce dominant narratives, perpetuating marginalization (Freire, 2018). Currently, science communication efforts tend to advantage privileged and dominant groups of people (e.g., white, male, cis, heterosexual, non-disabled, neurotypical, affluent) (Canfield & Menezes, 2020; Medin & Bang, 2014). Early-career scientists have the potential to help shift science communication culture (Bankston & McDowell, 2018), but more needs to be known about their science communication worldviews. This dissertation attempts to make visible the assumptions about power and ideology early-career scientists hold about their communication activities. This dissertation asks: (1) how STEM graduate students experience the process of drawing the concept of science communication, (2) what purposes and meanings of science communication they describe and portray, and (3) what broader ideologies and power structures these reinforce or resist. Critical multimodal discourse analysis methods, framed in the Circuit of Culture, were used to analyze participants' drawings and interviews. Results suggest that most participants hold the linear, one-way "Science Communication as Transmission" model. This may hinder the effectiveness and inclusiveness of their science communication practices. A few participants held more dialogic views of communication, but none included culture in their conceptualizations. These results extend scholarship on scientists' conceptualizations of science communication (e.g., Davies, 2008; Ritchie et al., 2022) with an explicit analysis of power and ideology. Investigating how STEM graduate students' science communication conceptualizations relate to power, identity, and culture sets a foundation for future research and practice that disrupts oppressive hegemonic ideologies and promotes consciousness-raising in these spaces (Freire, 2018). [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]