This qualitative study focused on one Mid-Missouri school district and was designed to collect and analyze teachers' and administrators' perceptions regarding the elementary math program for the purpose of program improvement. The district utilized ability grouping including acceleration for elementary math instruction. This study was analyzed using a constructivist framework and consideration was given to the theories of both Piaget and Vygotsky. Based on teachers' and administrators' perceptions, the accelerated math classes met the needs of the highest ability math students. Overall, according to teachers, the elementary math program did not meet the needs of the lowest students at the fourth and fifth grade levels where the accelerated math classes were being utilized. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]