In this study, the researchers explored the efficacy beliefs of preservice and in-service teachers regarding character education and digital citizenship. The researchers studied how preservice teachers were prepared for the ESSA/legislative mandates of teaching character education and digital citizenship, if there were differences between preservice and in-service teachers' sense of efficacy for teaching character education and digital citizenship, and if there were differences in the sense of efficacy for teaching character education and digital citizenship and length of time in the profession. Quantitative data collected through the revised Character Education Efficacy Belief Instrument was completed by a sample of 131 educators (sixteen preservice teachers and one hundred fifteen in-service teachers) from seven colleges/universities and six school districts. Qualitative interview results led to three overarching themes: preparation, training, and self-efficacy. The study results indicated no statically significant differences between preservice and in-service teachers' sense of efficacy for teaching character education and digital citizenship. Results further indicate no statistically significant differences in the sense of efficacy for teaching character education and digital citizenship and length of time in the profession. Further research into preservice and in-service teachers' sense of efficacy regarding character education and digital citizenship may help school administrators and teachers make decisions in regard to professional development offerings, may inform colleges of education programs and their class offerings that cover character education and digital citizenship, and may contribute to the sparse research on preservice and in-service teacher preparedness in character education and digital citizenship. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]