The purpose of the current study was to examine the experiences of women leaders in the higher education sector of North Carolina, United States of America (USA). The qualitative phenomenological study specifically explored the lived experiences and perceptions of 12 adult women leaders to better understand (1) the major perceptions on leadership characteristics of women leaders in the higher education sector of North Carolina, (2) the major challenges women leaders in North Carolina higher education encounter, (3) the major familial responsibilities affecting the professional lives of women leaders in North Carolina, as well as (4) possible strategies for women leaders in North Carolina's higher education sector to overcome their challenges. The participants occupied full-time middle to higher level administrative positions, including executive, academic department chairpersons, program directors, and deans. Each respondent in the study held a minimum of a graduate qualification. The participants provided evidence through both telephone and personal face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, and thematically analyzed. The research concluded that, while women leaders possess leadership characteristics required for the effective leadership, they face many challenges. The study also concluded that gender stereotyping, gender role expectations, glass ceiling, prejudice, gender discrimination, and traditional female familial responsibilities could hinder the professional well-being of women. The study recommended that women leaders should form a critical mass and engage in effective networking to close the leadership gender gap. In addition, the institutions of higher learning should provide mentorship and training programs for aspiring women leaders and those in lower- level positions. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]