In response to the COVID-19 crisis, higher education institutions around the world adjusted their activities to an emergency online mode in the first half of 2020. As institutions have the main responsibility for the quality assurance of their provision, this sudden shift has raised questions around the effectiveness, relevance and flexibility of internal quality assurance arrangements. This report draws on the experiences of a focus group of 39 representatives with responsibilities for internal quality assurance at EUA member institutions. It examines the key challenges faced, the role internal quality assurance played in ensuring that quality standards were maintained and how quality assurance practices supported university communities in their work. It concludes with key lessons learnt and a reflection on what lies ahead for internal quality assurance.