This brief is based on the report "Next Generation Accountability: A Vision for School Improvement Under ESSA," which offers alternatives to single accountability indicators that are inadequate for supporting the dual goals of deeper learning and college- and career-ready graduates. With the impending implementation of the Every Student Succeeds Act, states are about to gain considerably more authority and autonomy over the design of school accountability systems. Consequently, there is an opportunity to design systems that produce information that genuinely explains how schools and school systems are meeting the learning and developmental needs of all students. With this in mind, the report offers a set of design principles and a conceptual framework for next generation accountability, provides an example of an Educational Quality and Improvement Profile, and makes recommendations for potential next steps. [For the full report, see ED606769.]