This report presents findings from RAND's evaluation of the Appalachian Renaissance Initiative (ARI) in 17 districts totaling 99 kindergarten-12th grade schools within the Kentucky Valley Educational Cooperative (KVEC). The initiative took place from the 2014-2015 through 2017-2018 academic years. The evaluation examined various aspects of ARI implementation through collection and analysis of documents, surveys, and interviews with those charged with leading the ARI, as well as school principals and teachers. The authors also conducted an investigation of student achievement outcomes in schools participating in the ARI relative to other schools in Kentucky. Research questions for the study include: (1) What activities and opportunities constituted the ARI, and how were they communicated across districts?; (2) To what extent did districts and schools actively participate in the ARI, and why did participation vary?; (3) What changes in school and student outcomes can be associated with the ARI?; and (4) What elements of the ARI did stakeholders recommend sustaining? [This study was sponsored by the Kentucky Valley Educational Cooperative (KVEC).]