Background: Undergraduate women are at high risk of experiencing a sexual assault during their college years. Research has established a strong link between sexual victimization and psychologic distress. While the relationship between sexual victimization and distress is known, little is known about how the use of university-affiliated sexual assault resources influences mental health outcomes for survivors. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to (1) characteristics of women who use campus survivor resources following a sexual assault; (2) assess for relationships between campus resources use and other study variables (demographics, sexual assault characteristics, mental health, self-blame, perceived control over recovery, community resource use, and perceived helpfulness of the campus resources); (3) examine the use of university-affiliated resource used by sexual assault survivors; (4) examine survivors' perceived helpfulness of the university-affiliated resources used; and (5) examine for differences in mental health, self-blame, and perceived control between women who perceived resources as helpful and those who perceived resources as not helpful. Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated the impact of multiple variables on mental health outcomes of sexual assault survivors. The target population was 18 to 24-year-old undergraduate students who identified as female and who had been sexually assaulted during their time at college. An email invitation was sent through student email accounts through university undergraduate student listserv and student organization listservs. The independent variables in the study included demographics, history of sexual assault prior to entering college, college sexual assault severity, intoxication level, time passed since the college assault, use of campus resources, perceived helpfulness of campus resources for women who used them, use of community resources, self-blame, and perceived control over recovery. The dependent variables were mental health outcomes: overall mental health, psychological well-being, and psychological distress. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the sample. Chi-square, Pearson's correlation and point biserial correlation tests were used to examine relationships among variables. The relationship of variables significantly correlated with the dependent variables were examined in sequential regression models. T-tests were used to examine differences between women who used resources and rated them as helpful and women who rated them as unhelpful. Institutional review board (IRB) approval was obtained at both universities. Results: The most often used resource was campus mental health counseling (n = 66, 67.3%) followed by the university health center (n = 26, 26.5%). The perceived helpfulness of the resources ranged from 2.89 to 4.50 on a 5-point Likert scale (5 = extremely helpful). The highest perceived helpfulness scores were for the campus survivor/victim's advocate (M = 4.50, SD = 0.522). Campus resource use was significantly, positively correlated with more severe sexual assaults (r = 0.244, p < 0.001), more distress (r = 0.223, p < 0.001), characterological self-blame (r = 0.163, p = 0.002), and behavioral self-blame (r = 0.135, p = 0.010). Use of campus resources was significantly, negatively correlated with overall mental health (r = -0.227, p < 0.001) and psychological well-being (r = -0.185, p < 0.001). Campus resource use was a significant predictor of poorer overall mental health, more psychological distress and less psychological well-being in regression models. There was a statistically significant difference in MHI-18 Total scores (t = 2.16, p = 0.034) and MHI well-being subscale scores (t = 2.10, p = 0.039) between women who perceived university-affiliated resources as helpful and those who did not. Conclusions: Campus resource use was a significant predictor of poorer mental health outcomes. Further research should explore the effectiveness of campus resources in supporting survivors in the recovery process. Given the high rate of sexual assaults on college campuses and known negative psychological impact of sexual assault, it is imperative that campuses offer resources that are effective in meeting the needs of survivors. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]