For more than 30 years, Medicaid has paid for eligible school health services included in student's Individualized Education Programs (IEP) or Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP). Seventy-nine percent of low-income, school aged children receive health coverage through Medicaid and Child Health Plan (CHIP) which is 37% of all school-aged children. Today, new opportunities exist to enhance the role that Medicaid plays in school, creating a sustainable source of revenue to support school-based health and behavioral health services. This brief explores what Medicaid is, what it covers--in and out of school--and how school districts can leverage Medicaid to enhance school health services, and provides an overview of how school districts can leverage Medicaid to support children's educational and health outcomes. Given Medicaid's role in supporting children's educational and health outcomes, ensuring students are enrolled in Medicaid and have access to the school health services they need are key strategies to supporting student success.