The foundational function of the state is the approval of an entity to establish itself as a postsecondary institution. Most often referred to as state authorization, it is the first formal act in the legal operation of an institution and often serves as the foundation upon which other quality assurance functions are built (like accreditation). The authors posit that it is time for states to reconsider and reconceptualize how they develop and implement a state authorization process aimed at meeting the needs of its students as well as the strategic goals of the state. This is particularly true given the proliferation of new providers, distance education, alternative credentials, and new technologies. In this white paper, the authors discuss the history and evolution of state authorization along with common approaches and criticisms, and then offer recommendations for how state authorization might be reformed to better protect students and ensure and improve quality in higher education.