The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of parental socioeconomic status on pupils' achievement in secondary school Mathematics. The population of the study consists of class nine students studying in different secondary and higher secondary schools of Karbi Anglong district of Assam state in India. 900 students of 30 different schools and their parents participated in the survey and responded to the questionnaires. Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis technique is adopted to analyze collected data. The main objective of the study is to determine the relationship between parents' socioeconomic status and its impact on the scholastic attainment of secondary school students in mathematics. The result of the analysis reveals that parents' socioeconomic status has significant relationship with school learners' academic achievement in mathematics.