The purpose of this quantitative, non-experimental, causal-comparative research study was to see what differences existed, if any, between voluntary and involuntary adjunct faculty on levels of job dimensions (motivation and hygiene), job satisfaction, and institutional loyalty of part-time faculty teaching at private, four-year institutions in the state of Ohio. The sample consisted of 144 part-time faculty teaching at two institutions in central Ohio. Four research questions guided the study: 1) Is there a statistically significant difference in motivation job dimensions for voluntary and involuntary part-time faculty? 2) Is there a statistically significant difference in hygiene job dimensions for voluntary and involuntary part-time faculty? 3) Is there a statistically significant difference in job satisfaction for voluntary and involuntary part-time faculty? 4) Is there a statistically significant difference in institutional loyalty for voluntary and involuntary part-time faculty? The two-factor theory of motivation served as the theoretical foundation of the study. The Adjunct Faculty Survey instrument was used to anonymously collect data from adjunct faculty participants. A Mann-Whitney U analysis revealed no statistically significant differences between voluntary and involuntary part-time faculty on measures of motivation job dimensions (U = 2237.00, p = 0.158), hygiene job dimensions (U = 2868.00, p = 0.266), job satisfaction (U = 2864.50, p = 0.269), or institutional loyalty (U = 2912.00, p = 0.193). These results may inform hiring and employment practices for adjunct faculty at private, four-year institutions. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]