On September 22, 2017, the National Center for Special Education Research (NCSER) and the National Center for Education Research (NCER) at the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) convened a group of experts in policy, practice, and research related to Career and Technical Education (CTE). The goal of the meeting was to seek input from researchers and practitioners in CTE to help highlight the key research questions that need to be addressed, the types of research that would best address these questions, the challenges faced in doing this work, and strategies for promoting research in CTE. The discussion followed four major topics of inquiry: (1) Who is served by CTE and who is left behind?; (2) What do we know--and need to know--about CTE policies, programs, and practices at the secondary and postsecondary levels?; (3) What are the critical methodological issues in CTE?; and (4) What is needed to advance CTE research? The day was structured by these topics, and each session began with comments by selected Technical Working Group (TWG) members, followed by a general discussion. The meeting concluded with each TWG member providing priority recommendations for IES. This report summarizes the key points and themes that emerged by topic.