In the twentieth century, Ohioans as individuals and Ohio as a state did much to improve the education level of Ohio's workforce. The state built a world-class network of community colleges and branch campuses, institutions created to make post-secondary education accessible and affordable. These efforts, along with investments in K-12 education and the persistence of students, have produced results. Despite substantial progress, Ohio has now stalled in its education investments. Ohio is now investing less than other states, education levels are not rising as fast as in many other places, and more students are relying on loans to finance their education. Ohio provides need-based aid solely through the Ohio College Opportunity Grant (OCOG). It is awarded based only on financial need, does not require repayment, and is vital to expanding college access and credential attainment. Even though this type of aid is critical to student success, Ohio has cut need-based aid awards significantly. Ohio did not just cut OCOG funding--it changed the OCOG award formula. The state's "Pell first" policy means that students at two-year public institutions are not eligible for OCOG. This report discusses the following findings related to an examination of Ohio's policy of disinvestment in education: (1) Ohio has cut need-based financial aid more than any other state in the Midwest over the past decade and has one of the worst records of investment in the nation; (2) Since Ohio cut need-based aid to students at two-year public institutions, the share of first-year community college students receiving state grants has fallen nearly 95 percent, and loans are up more than 27 percent; and (3) An investment of $85 million would restore aid to pre-recession levels. [For the executive summary, see ED573579.]