Despite a robust body of evidence of effectiveness of social programs, few evidence-based programs have been scaled for population-level improvement in social problems. Since 2010 the federal government has invested in evidence-based social policy by supporting a number of new evidence-based programs and grant initiatives. These initiatives prioritize federal funding for intervention or prevention programs that have evidence of effectiveness in impact research. The increased attention to evidence in funding decision making is promising; however, to maximize the potential for positive outcomes for children and families, communities need to select programs that fit their needs and resources, the programs need to be implemented with quality, and communities need ongoing support. Drawing on experiences scaling evidence-based programs nationally, the authors raise a number of challenges faced by the field to ensure high-quality implementation and discuss specific proposals, particularly for the research and university communities, for moving the field forward. Recommendations include designing and testing intervention and prevention programs with an eye towards scaling from the start, increased documentation related to implementation of the programs, and working toward an infrastructure to support high-quality, effective dissemination of evidence-based prevention and intervention programs. [This document contains four commentaries: (1) "Moving Research Evidence from the Fringe to the Mainstream in Social Policy" (Brian K. Bumbarger); (2) "The Importance of Quality Implementation in the Wide-Scale Use of Evidence Based Programs" (Celene Domitrovich and Joseph A. Durlak); (3) "Benefit-Cost Analyses of Child and Family Preventive Interventions" (Kimber Bogard, Lynn A. Karoly, and Jeanne Brooks-Gunn); and (4) "The Challenges of Scaling Up Early Childhood Development Programs in Latin America" (Florencia Lopez Boo).]