Traditional-age college students are continuing to live with their parents at higher percentages than at any time during recent history. However, little research has been conducted during the last 15 years on multiple substance use behaviors of this population and how those behaviors compare to traditional-age students who live in residence halls on campuses. The purpose of this study is to better understand the differences in alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana usage behaviors of traditional-age students who live with their parents and those who live in residence halls, as well as how those behaviors change as students age in both environments. Using a quantitative research method, an analysis of 15,786 students between the ages of 18 and 22 at 39 universities was completed to determine their usage of the substances identified during the 30 days preceding the completion of the survey in 2010. The results found that differences did exist between the usage behaviors of students who lived with their parents and those who lived in residence halls. A lower percentage of students who lived with their parents used alcohol, cigarettes and marijuana than did students who lived in residence halls. However, the percentages of students who lived with their parents who used those substances grew at faster rates as those students aged, than did their peers who lived in residence halls. The findings may be used to inform the design and implementation of student affairs programs aimed at those students who live with their parents. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com.bibliotheek.ehb.be/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]